Common Reamer Problem Areas to Avoid

Hannibal Carbide has assembled a very nice overview of some common problems associated with carbide reamers and how to avoid them.

Hannibal Carbide Coolant Fed Reamer

Improper Tool
Make sure you are using the correct flute style and tool type.

Stock Removal
HANNIBAL recommends 2-3% of the reamer diameter as a starting point for stock removal. 2% for steels and tough alloys, 3% for non-ferrous materials and cast irons. Solid carbide & carbide tipped reamers must have adequate stock to remove or they will rub in the hole and generate excessive heat, which leads to premature tool wear.

Improper Speeds & Feeds
The right combination of speeds and feeds is critical to tool life and consistent size and finish. Getting the correct starting points is a key element. Reaming is a finishing operation and proper speeds and feeds must be run to achieve size, straightness and finish.

Poor Fixturing
If the fixturing cannot hold the piece securely and in line with the spindle, then producing a good finish will be very difficult. A reamed hole is only going to be as good as the machine and fixturing used to machine and hold the part.

Excessing Runout (spindle or tool holder)
Runout leads to poor finishes, oversized, tapered, and bellmouth holes, as well as poor tool life. Floating holders or bushings can sometimes be used to compensate for runout, but the best solution is to fix the problem.

Improper Coolant
Make sure the coolant you are using is recommended for reaming your particular materials. Many coolants will prove effective for reaming if the concentration level is maintained with specifications. Take the time to check the levels on a regular basis.

Improper Sharpening or Geometry
If a new tool works fine, but fails to perform after resharpening, the problem is obvious. However, depending on the hardness and condition of the material you are reaming, the tool geometry may need to be altered to get optimum performance and tool life. Geometries most often changed are the circular margins, radial rake, and the primary chamfer clearance.

Material Changes (hardness and/or condition)
Castings lead the way in inconsistency. Hard spots, free carbides, and scale can all lead to inconsistent results when reaming. A heat treatment that varies just a few points from part to part can cause problems.